Representation and ethics in cartoons

Representation and ethics in cartoons

Article used for research:
http://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/apr/06/repressed-brits-evil-mexicans-arab-villains-hollywood-animated-movies-stereotypes

Why does the writer of the article believe Rio 2 is problematic in terms of its representations? 
The writer believes that Rio 2 is problematic in terms of its representations because as it has a mixed cast that include white, latin american and african-american voice actors however, certain prejudices have been cast allowing the voices of the characters chosen to cause the film to be offensive to some races and to be bordering racism.  This is because the two main characters have a white ethnicity and the rest who have a crazy, wacky behaviour are of a black ethnicity.

What are PEPs and why are they an issue for racial representation? 
PEPs stand for problem contexts, entertainment contexts and performance contexts. These are an issue for racial representation because black people and other genotypes are associated with different and normally vexing circumstances. Those of black ethnicity are normally associated with villains, exoticism, jocularity and athleticism

Why does Da Costa believe we end up with stereotypes in animation? 
Da costa suggests it may be due to the slow and expensive labour process included. He suggests that decisions on the character normally have to be made up quickly so therefore, the safe representational idea is normally made in which is sometimes taken to be stereotypical.

What does Turbo say about Social Mobility?
In Turbo, it has been suggested that social mobility is only available to white characters however, non-white characters seem to be voicing them. These voices are voiced by people such as Samuel Jackson, Snoop Dogg and Michelle Rodriguez.